Sorting all columns in a matrix and sortmc

The best way to sort an entire matrix is probably with a loop. You can make a procedure to hide the details to make your code cleaner, like this:

proc (1) = sortallc(x);
   for i(1, cols(x), 1);
      x[.,i] = sortc(x[.,i], 1);
   endfor;
   retp(x);
endp;

Then in your code, you would just need to say:

newx = sortallc(x);

The sortmc command keeps all rows together. Since in many cases, rows are observations this is what is most commonly needed. What it does differently is that it will sort later columns based upon tie breakers in the first specified search column. So, the code:

x = { 9 2 5 6,
      3 6 1 9,
      3 7 4 1,
      1 2 8 9 };
	 
s1 = sortc(x,1);

s2 = sortmc(x, 1|2);

will set 's1' and 's2' equal to:

     1      2      8      9 
s1 = 3      7      4      1 
     3      6      1      9 
     9      2      5      6 

     1      2      8      9 
s2 = 3      6      1      9 
     3      7      4      1 
     9      2      5      6 

Notice that rows 2 and 3 have been swapped in 's2' because the matrix was sorted based upon row 2 for the rows that matched in column 1.